Absorbent paper industrial wiper or towel

ABSTRACT

2. THE METHOD OF FORMING BULKY AND ABSORBENT PAPER WIPERS OR TOWELS FROM CREPED PAPER BASE STOCK WHICH METHOD COMPRISES (SUPPORTING) UTILIZING TWO ROLLS HAVING FORMED THEREON SUBSTANTIALLY IDENTICAL PATTERNS (INCLUDING HIGH AND LOW AREAS FORMED THEREON) OF ALTERNATING PROJECTIONS AND DEPRESSIONS, SUPPORTING SAID ROLLS FOR ROTATION IN JUXTAPOSITION SO THAT THE (HIGH AREAS ON ONE ROLL) PROJECTIONS ON ONE ROLL EXTEND INTO THE (LOW AREAS) DEPRESSIONS ON THE OTHER ROLL AND SO THAT THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE SURFACES OF THE ROLLS IS LESS THAN THE THICKNESS OF THE BASE STOCK ONLY IN AT LEAST SOME OF THE SLOPING AREAS INTERVENING THE (HIGH AND LOW SPOTS) PROJECTIONS AND DEPRESSIONS ON EACH ROLL, (AND) CONTINUOUSLY PASSING THE BASE STOCK BETWEEN THE ROTATING ROLLS TO DEFORM THE (PAPER) BASE STOCK TO THE PATTERN OF THE ROLLS AND TO WORK   (IT) THE BASE STOCK BEYOND (THE) ITS ELASTIC LIMIT (OF THE PAPER IN THE SAID SLOPING AREAS BETWEEN THE HIGH AND LOW SPOTS ON THE ROLLS,) BETWEEN SAID SOME SLOPING AREAS ON THE ROLLS AND RUPTURE IN THE BASE STOCK ONLY IN SAID SOME SLOPING AREAS, LEAVING FRAYED FIBROUS STRANDS OF PAPER PROTRUDING FROM THE RUPTURES, WHILE LEAVING (UNDERFORMED SUBSTANTIAL) UNRUPTURED SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THE REMAINING AREAS OF SAID (PAPER) BASE STOCK.

Aug. 1, w SCHUTTE HAL RC. ABSORBENT PAPER INDUSTRIAL WIPER OR TOWEL 2Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed July 6, 1953 R. w. SCHUTTE ETA!- ABSORBENTPAPER INDUSTRIAL WIPER OR TOWEL Aug. 1-, 1972 Original Filed July e,1953 2 Sheets-Shut 2 United States Patent 27,453 ABSORBENT PAPERINDUSTRIAL WIPER 0R TOWEL Richard W. Schutte, Kenneth W. Britt, andAlbert L. McConnell, by Scott Paper (30., assignee Original No.2,834,809, dated May 13, 1958, Ser. No. 366,108, July 6, 1953.Application for reissue May 28, 1971, Ser. No. 147,850

I Int. Cl. D21b 5/00; D21f 11/00, 13/00 US. Cl. 162-117 Claims Matterenclosed in heavy brackets appears in the original patent but forms nopart of this reissue specification; matter printed in italics indicatesthe additions made by reissue.

The present invention relates to paper and particularly to absorbentpaper for use as towels, wipers and the like.

An object of the present invention is to provide paper, sheets of whichare suitable for use as industrial wipers.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive,disposable substitute for cloth industrial wipers and cotton waste.

Another object is to provide a non-woven industrial wiper.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a strong papersheet having a high afiinity for oils and greases.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive,formed paper which rapidly absorbs fluids, especially oils and greases,which is resilient, has substantial bulk, has an effective wipingsurface and has high fluid-holding capacity.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an industrialwiper which may be produced inexpensively at high speeds on apaper-making machine.

Another object is to provide a clean and sanitary industrial wiper.

Another object is to provide a multi-ply, paper industrial wiper havingthe plies interconnected.

Further objects will be apparent by reference to the appendedspecification, claims and drawings.

Disposable sheets of paper have long been utilized as facial tissues,towels and handkerchief substitutes or the like for personal use.Similarly, absorbent paper has long been used to blot ink, and otherpapers have been used as porous filters. Although there has long been aneed for a strong, disposable and relatively inexpensive paper productto replace the woven or knitted fabric wiping cloths or cotton wasteused in industry, none of the aforementioned paper products aresatisfactory.

Industrial wiping cloths as referred to herein are generally small,square or rectangular sheets of fabric (approximately 6" x 9", forexample) woven or knitted of absorbent yarn. Industrial wipers aregenerally used in large numbers in factories, machine-shops, etc., toremove oil or grease from machinery, and are used by machinists orothers working in industrial plants to clean the hands and face, and arealso used to remove foreign material such as metal fragments, splintersor chips from the work-area of machines, such as lathes, grinders,milling machines and the like.

The use of knitted or woven cloths as industrial wipers has a number ofdisadvantages. They are expensive and, to justify the initial expense,must be used repeatedly or for a long time and hence require periodiccleaning. The periodic cleaning increases the cost of using the wipersand, moreover, it has been found that the periodic cleaning of suchcloths does not completely remove foreign matter and bacteria whichbecome incorporated in the fabric, and such foreign matter is thencarried to the surface to be wiped with resultant scratching of themachine-surface or injury to the hands and face of the person using thesupposedly clean cloth.

Re. 27,453 Reissued Aug. 1, 1972 Cotton waste is likewise relativelyexpensive and due to the impracticability of cleaning it, it is usuallydiscarded after it has become soiled.

Facial tissues and paper towels have been used as industrial wipers,without success, because the paper tissues or towels have not beensufficiently oil-absorbent or grease-absorbent and have not hadsufficient tensile strength or bulk to provide an effective andeconomical wiper for heavy duty use in industry.

The present invention provides, for the first time, a clean, economicaland safe disposable industrial wiper having high affinity for oil andgrease, which wiper is strong in both machine direction andcross-machine direction and which has sufficient caliper or bulk to provide a generally thick sheet so that the person using a single sheet ofthe product is satisfied with the feel thereof and is not tempted to usea plurality of sheets for a. single cleaning operation when a singlesheet lwould sufiice.

For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there are shown in theaccompanying drawings forms thereof which are at present preferred,although it is to be understood that the various instrumentalities ofwhich the invention consists can be variously arranged and organized andthat the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements andorganizations of the instrumentalities as herein shown and described.

In the drawings, wherein like reference characters indicate like parts:

FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of absorbent paper of the presentinvention and a dispenser-carton therefor.

FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of a sheet of absorbent paper which isone embodiment of the present invention.

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken generally along line3-6 of FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 4 is a cross-sectional view, similar to FllG- URE 3, showing amodified form of the absorbent paper of the present invention.

FIGURE 5 is a perspective view of a pair of juxtaposed forming rollswhich may be used to produce the sheet of absorbent paper shown inFIGURE 2.

FIGURE 6 is a fragmentary, enlarged cross-sectional view taken generallyalong a plane extending through the axis of the rolls shown in FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 7 is a perspective view of a set of flat engraved dies which maybe used to produce the paper sheets shown in FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 8 is a cross-sectional view, similar to FIG- URES 3 and 4, of oneembodiment of a 2-ply wiper.

FIGURE 9 is a cross-sectional view similar to [FIG- URE 8 of anotherembodiment of a 2-ply wiper.

The absorbent paper or wiper 20 of the present invention preferably isformed from base-stock 21 which has high wet-strength and is highlyabsorbent, and such base-stock may be the paper-stock used in themanufacture of paper hand towels or the like. Although basestock 21similar to that used in the manufacture of paper hand-towels has beenfound to be satisfactory, it is not intended to limit this disclosure topaper using handtowel base-stock, but any base-stock having suitable anddesirable characteristics may be incorporated in the manufacture ofabsorbent paper of the present invention.

A good product for use as an industrial wiping tissue is obtained fromlong-fibre base-stock Weighing approximately 16 pounds per ream andwhich is strong and porous. For example, a paper substantially free fromsizing and formed of kraft, sulfite or groundwood stock may be used andthe base-stock should preferably be creped before being formed accordingto the present invention. Preferably the base-stock should also contain1 wet-strengthening agent.

The base-stock 21 is passed through a press or form- Ing machine whichmay be similar to the machine illustrated in FIGURE 5. This machineincludes a lower roll 22 and an upper roll 23, each rotatably mounted onits own axis and supported in juxtaposition to the other roll. The rolls22 and 23 preferably are interconnected (as through suitable gears, notshown) so that they rotate in synchronism.

It is preferred that the upper roll 23 be supported whereby the surfacethereof is in spaced relation to the surface of the lower roll-22 (thegap being a few thou- ;andths of an inch, more or less) so that therolls do not :ome in contact, whereby to reduce wear on the rollsurfaceand prevent the entire surface of the base-stock from being compressed.

The rolls 22 and 23 are designed generally to compress a predeterminedamount of the surface area of the base-stock and to stretch portions ofthe base-stock between the compressed areas beyond the elastic limit ofthe base-stock whereby more or less to separate the fibres from oneanother and thereby increase the porosity of the base-stock. Thecompressed area is less than 50% of the total paper-area and preferablyis approximately The rolls 22 and 23 are not smooth but each is formedwith a generally nubby surface comprised of many projections anddepressions. The projections may be formed by machining or engraving theroll-surfaces, JI' may be provided by wrapping a screen of wire mesharound a smooth cylindrical roll or in any other suitable manner. Rollsformed by wrapping wire-screen around a smooth cylindrical roll havebeen found to be satisfactory. An operative wire screen has a 12 x 12mesh and is made of wire .047 inch in diameter, but screen of other meshand wire-diameter may be used. For instance, the mesh may vary from amesh of 6 x 6 to 24 x 24 with wire-diameter ranging from .023 to .072.Each roll thus formed has a plurality of spaced high spots 24 andintervening depressions 25; the high spots on one roll being generallyin alignment with the depressions on the other roll. The aforementioned12 x 12 mesh wire pattern provides 72 projections, or high spots 24, persquare inch of roll surface and at like number of depressions 25 in thesame area. The aforementioned mesh range of 6 x 6 to 24 x 24 inherentlyprovides from 18 to 288 projections per square inch of roll surface.

The amplitude of the undulations in each roll is greater than thethickness of the base-stock 21 and when the base-stock is fed betweenthe rolls, it is pushed by the high spots on one roll into thedepressions on the other roll.

In one embodiment (illustrated in FIGURE 6) the clearance between thecrest of each high spot 24 and the bottom of the juxtaposed depression25 exceeds the thickness of the base-stock 21 and the base-stock is notcompressed in these areas. However, along the slopes of the undulationsof the so-deformed paper the basestock is stretched beyond its modulusof elasticity and is deformed as shown in the drawings.

The stretching referred to above may, in some cases, exceed the tensilestrength of the paper and tearing or shredding of the paper will occurand apertures 26 will appear in the paper. The apertures 26 preferablyare defined by fibrous strands 27 and not by sharp shearlines. Thesefibrous strands 27 attract fluid into the paper-body and increase theabsorbency of the paper as well as the rate of absorbency of the paper.

It is to be understood that shredded fibers 27 adjacent the apertures 26are not indispensable because a multitude of so-formed narrow slit-s orapertures will attract and hold fluid therein by capillary action, andthis is the case even if the apertures are defined by straight,

clean edges (as when the base-stock 21 is sheared by a sharpinstrument).

It is desired that the clearance between the surface of the rolls in theareas to be shredded be less than the thickness of the base-stock sothat in these areas the juxtaposed rolls grind or crush the fibers andshred the paper as by a tearing action.

FIGURE 6 is a cross-sectional view taken generally along a planeextending through the axis of the rolls 22 and 23 and illustrates aroll-formation which causes the shredding action referred to above. Inthis figure the basestock 21 is disposed between the rolls 22 and 23,and a portion 28 of the roll 22 acts upon the base-stock between itselfand that portion of the roll 23 indicated by the reference numeral 29.

Intermediate the deformed or torn areas 26, in the areas generallyindicated by the numerals 30, the rolls 22 and 23 do not crush thebase-stock but push it into the aforementioned depressions 25.

As shown in FIGURES 3 and 8, the paper 20 is thus deformed so as to havea plurality of cup-like recesses 31 in each side thereof. The paperbetween the areas 30 and extending generally transversely to the planeof the paper-sheet along the slopes" of the undulations is crushed orstretched beyond the elastic limit, preferably in excess of the tensilestrength of the paper. The base-stock 21 remains highly absorbentbecause the greater portion thereof (in the areas 30) 'has not beencompressed. Moreover, the absorbency of the paper 20 is greatlyincreased because the apertures 26 provide cuplike recesses orrepositories 31 for additional fluid and adits through which fluid isdrawn rapidly into the basestock 21 by the frayed edges 27.

The cup-like recesses 31 provide many relatively small scoops in eachsurface of the paper 20 which scrape the fluid from the surface beingcleaned into the apertures 26 where it is rapidly absorbed by the fibersof the paper.

The apertures 26 are formed in that portion of the paper which extendsgenerally transversely to a plane touching the crests 30 of theundulations of the paper, and inasmuch as there are no apertures in thecrestportions 30, a wiper is formed which provides a protective barrierbetween the hand of the user and metal filings, shavings or the like onthe surface of the article being cleaned. The apertures are generallyhidden and imperceptible when the paper is viewed at an angle ofsubstantially to the plane of the sheet of the paper and because of theposition of the apertures in the sheet are generally visible only whenthe sheet is viewed obliquely to the plane thereof.

The crests referred to above include the areas of the product movedfarthest to each side of the original plane of the base-stock. Thedepressions on one side of the paper correspond to crests on the otherside, and hence when viewed from either side of the paper the apertures26 appear between adjacent crests and depressions, whereas if the paperis considered in cross-section, the apertures appear between adjacentcrests (one of said adjacent crests appearing on each side of thepaper).

Because the base-stock 21 is stretched beyond its modulus of elasticityin an area extending generally transversely to the plane of the paper,it does not return to its original flat state after passing through theforming machine but remains deformed and retains the undulatingcross-section illustrated in FIGURE 3. Thus there is provided paperhaving high caliper and high bulk and other desirable physicalcharacteristics and which also has a desirable psychological effect uponthe user who takes a single sheet for the same type of wiping operationon which he formerly used many sheets.

The paper of the present invention is characterized by having a highcompressibility factor. That is to say, the ratio of the caliper oroverall thickness of the product (measured from the crests on one sideto the crests on the other side) in an uncompressed state, to theproduct thickness after pressure is applied, is substantially high. Forinstance, paper of the present invention may be approximately .028 inchthick under substantially no pressure and after compression at 2 poundsper square inch it is reduced in thickness to approximately .006 inch.Thus the compressibility ratio is approximately 4 /2 to 1. This issubstantially greater than the compressibility of the base-stock alonewhich, at a pressure of 2 pounds per square inch, is reduced fromapproximately .009 to approximately .0055".

The paper 20, illustrated in FIGURE 4, is similar to the paperheretofore described but diifers in that the generally transverseportions 32, similar to the portions 26, are not ruptured but are merelystretched beyond the modulus of elasticity. In the areas 32 the paper,being. generally elongated, is web-like, that is the areas 32 havemyriad small apertures caused by separation of the fibers. This greatlyincreases the absorbency of the base-stock 21.

The areas 26 or 32 may be of any shape desired but it is preferred thatthey be generally elongated and relatively small and extend generally ina machine-direction and across a plurality of crepes or folds of thecreped base-stock. If the slits are disposed in machine-direction thecross-machine stretch of the paper is increased and a highly desirablestructure having two-way stretch is produced. However, in paper havingthis structure the cross-machine tensile strength is somewhat reduced.If the areas 26 or 32 are disposed in a cross-machine direc tion, thecross-machine strength is increased but such structure has very littlecross-machine stretch.

Although the paper-contacting surfaces of the machine illustrated in thedrawings are generally similar to a screen-surface, it is to beunderstood that the surfaces may be formed with any suitable ordesirable pattern and need not be limited to the pattern illustrated inthe drawings.

The paper 20 of the present invention may be cut into sheets of suitablesize and packed in dispensers 33, as illustrated in FIGURE 1, for retailsales and consumer use.

Although a single-ply paper-wiper has been referred to above, it is tobe understood that multi-ply wipers may be formed by passingsimultaneously, a plurality of superimposed sheets of base-stock 21through the rolls 22 and 23. This produces a highly advantageousmultiply wiper illustrated in FIGURES 8 and 9. In each of the plies 34and 35 there are uncompressed portions 36 which occupy the greatestportion of the area of the sheet. Intervening the uncompressed portions36 there are generally transverse portions 37 wherein the paper has beencontacted by the forming rolls and wherein the tearing or crushingreferred to above takes place. In the multi-ply sheets, the action ofthe rolls upon the paper in the areas 37 forces the fibers of one plyclosely into contact or engagement with the fibers of the adjacent plyso as to weld the two plies together along the generally transverseportions between the uncompressed portions 36.

The adherence of the adjacent plies to each other in the areas 37 may beby a mechanical interlock between the fibers of the adjacent plies orbecause the fibers have been so highly calendered between the juxtaposedrolls as to become an almost homogeneous mass in the weldarea.

Because of the interlocking of the fibers of the adjacent plies in thetransversely extending portions of the sheet, the multi-ply wiperretains its high bulk and remains in the deformed state. Moreover, paperformed in this manner has exceedingly high resiliency because, afterbeing compressed, it will tend to return to its former state.

FIGURE 8 illustrates a multi-ply wiper formed as above described whereinthe areas 37 have been shredded or torn and thus a mechanical interlockis provided between the plies. In the embodiment illustrated in FIGURE9, the plies are not torn in the area 37 but are so highly compressed asto become welded together whereby to retain the plies in the deformedcondition. It is to be understood that the total area of the 'welds"referred to above is so small relative to the total area of thepaper-sheet as to have little or no effect on the absorbency of thepaper. Moreover, weld-areas may be formed in other portions of the paper(as, for instance, at the crests of the undulations) without adverselyaffecting the absorbency of the paper while bonding the plies together.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms withoutdeparting from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it istherefore desired that the present embodiments be considered in allrespects as illustrative and not restrictive, reference being had to theappended claims rather than to the foregoing description to indicate thescope of the invention.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new and desire toprotect by Letters Patent is the following:

[1. The method of forming paper which comprises supporting a pair ofopposed pattern rolls adjacent each other, each roll havingsubstantially the same pattern as the other roll formed on the surfacethereof so as to present high and low areas on said surface with slopingareas between the high and low areas, the high areas on one rollextending into the low areas on the other roll in a manner which permitsthe surface of one roll to come close to the surface of the other rollonly in at least some of the sloping areas between the high and lowareas, passing a web of paper between the rolls whereby the paper isshaped in a generally nubby pattern having a generally undulatingcross-section, sloping areas opposite each other on the two rolls beingcloser together than the caliper of the web of paper, the rolls workingthe paper in the sloping areas between some of the high and low areas ofthe undulations, the rolls leaving unworked substantial areas of saidpaper] 2. The method of forming bulky and absorbent paper wipers ortowels from creped paper base stock which method comprises [supporting]utilizing two rolls having formed thereon substantially identicalpatterns [including high and low areas formed thereon] of alternatingprojections and depressions, supporting said rolls for rotation injuxtaposition so that the [high areas on one roll] projections on oneroll extend into the [low areas] depressions on the other roll and sothat the distance between the surfaces of the rolls is less than thethickness of the base stock only in at least some of the sloping areasintervening the [high and low spots] projections and depressions on eachroll, [and] continuously passing the base stock between the rotatingrolls to deform the [paper] base stock to the pattern of the rolls andto work [it] the base stock beyond [the] its elastic limit [of the paperin the said sloping areas between the high and low spots on the rolls,]between said some sloping areas on the rolls and rupture the base stockonly in said some sloping areas, leaving frayed fibrous strands of paperprotruding from the ruptures, while leaving [undeformed substantial]unruptured substantially all of the remaining areas of said [paper] basestock.

3. [Paper] A disposable absorbent paper wiper or towel product formed ofcrcped paper base stock and having a plurality of crests and depressionsin each side thereof, the depressions in one side forming the crests onthe other side and the crests on one side forming depressions in theother side and providing the product with an undulating cross sectionand a caliper substantially greater than the thickness of the basestock, there being between 18 and 288 crests per square inch on eachside of the product and sloping connecting portions intervening adjacentcrests and depressions, the [paper] product being further characterizedby being ruptured in some of the areas which form said slopingconnecting portions, [said paper including substantial areas which arenot ruptured] and having substantially no ruptures in other areas of thearoduct.

[4. Paper having a plurality of crests and depressions In each sidethereof, the depressions in one side forming the crests on the otherside and the crests on one side forming depressions in the other side,sloping connecting portions intervening crests and depressions, thepaper being working beyond the elastic limit in areas which form saidsloping connecting portions, said paper including substantial areaswhich are not worked beyond the elastic limit] [5. Paper having aplurality of crests and depressions in each side thereof, thedepressions in. one side forming the crests on the other side and thecrests on one side forming depressions in the other side, slopingconnecting portions interventing crests and depressions, the paper beingcompressed in areas which form said sloping conuecting portions, saidpaper including substantial areas which are not compressed] [6. Paperhaving a plurality of crests and depressions in each side thereof, thedepressions in one side forming the crests on the other side and thecrests on one side forming depressions in the other side, slopingconnecting portions intervening crests and depressions, the paper havingapertures in areas which form said sloping connecting portions, saidpaper including substantial areas which have no apertures therein] [7.The paper recited in claim 3 wherein the ruptured areas appear in theslopping connecting portions between most nearly adjacent crests anddepressions] [8. The paper recited in claim 4 wherein the areas in whichpaper is Worked beyond its elastic limit appear in the slopingconnecting portions between most nearly adjacent crests and depression][9. The paper recited in claim 5 wherein the compressed areas appear inthe sloping connecting portions between most nearly adjacent crests anddepressions] [10. The paper recited in claim 6 wherein the aperturedareas appear in the sloping connecting portions between most nearlyadjacent crests and depressions] [11. The paper recited in claim 3wherein said paper consists of at least two plies interconnected at aplurality of connecting portions] [12. The paper recited in claim 4wherein said paper.

stock from which said sheet was formed, said sheet being compressibleand having a compressibility factor of at least 2 to 1 at a pressure oftwo pounds per square inch] [16. A sheet of the paper recited in claim4, wherein said sheet is generally undulating in cross-section and hassubstantially greater caliper than the caliper of the basestock fromwhich said sheet was formed, said sheet being compressible and having acompressibility factor of at least 2 to 1 at a pressure of two poundsper square inch] [17. A sheet of the paper recited in claim 5, whereinsaid sheet is generally undulating in cross-section and hassubstantially greater caliper than the caliper of the basestock fromwhich said sheet was formed, said sheet being compressible and having acompressibility factor of at least 2 to l at a pressure of two poundsper square inch] [18. A sheet of the paper recited in claim 6, whereinsaid sheet is generally undulating in cross-section and hassubstantially greater caliper than the caliper of the basestock fromwhich said sheet was formed, said sheet being compressible and having acompressibility factor of at least 2 to 1 at a pressure of two poundsper square inch] 19. The method o7 claim 2 wherein there are between 18and 288 projections per square inch on each of said rolls.

20. The method of claim 2 wherein two plies of base stock aresimultaneously passed between the said rolls and the plies areinterconnected in areas where the plies are ruptured.

21 The disposable absorbent paper product recited in claim 3 whereinsaid product consists of at least two plies interconnected in the areaswhich are ruptured.

22. The disposable absorbent paper product recited in claim 2, whereinthe ruptures are elongated generally in the machine direction of thebase stock from which the product is made. I

23. The disposable absorbent paper product recited in claim 3 whereinthere are about 72 crests on each side of the product.

References Cited The following references, cited by the Examiner, are ofrecord in the patented file of this patent or the original patent.

UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,957,913 5/1934 Smith 162-111 2,257,429 9/1941Ruegenberg 156-296 X 2,281,945 5/1942 Milliken 162-114 2,502,112 3/1-950Walker 156-204 2,537,026 1/1951 Beugger 156-470 2,370,186 2/1945Oldofredi 162-140 X 118,204 8/1871 Crane 162-140 X HOWARD R. CAINE,Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

2. THE METHOD OF FORMING BULKY AND ABSORBENT PAPER WIPERS OR TOWELS FROM CREPED PAPER BASE STOCK WHICH METHOD COMPRISES (SUPPORTING) UTILIZING TWO ROLLS HAVING FORMED THEREON SUBSTANTIALLY IDENTICAL PATTERNS (INCLUDING HIGH AND LOW AREAS FORMED THEREON) OF ALTERNATING PROJECTIONS AND DEPRESSIONS, SUPPORTING SAID ROLLS FOR ROTATION IN JUXTAPOSITION SO THAT THE (HIGH AREAS ON ONE ROLL) PROJECTIONS ON ONE ROLL EXTEND INTO THE (LOW AREAS) DEPRESSIONS ON THE OTHER ROLL AND SO THAT THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE SURFACES OF THE ROLLS IS LESS THAN THE THICKNESS OF THE BASE STOCK ONLY IN AT LEAST SOME OF THE SLOPING AREAS INTERVENING THE (HIGH AND LOW SPOTS) PROJECTIONS AND DEPRESSIONS ON EACH ROLL, (AND) CONTINUOUSLY PASSING THE BASE STOCK BETWEEN THE ROTATING ROLLS TO DEFORM THE (PAPER) BASE STOCK TO THE PATTERN OF THE ROLLS AND TO WORK 